CentOS+nginx+uwsgi+Python 多站點環境搭建
環境(jìng):
CentOS X64 6.4
nginx 1.5.6
Python 2.7.5
一:安(ān)裝(zhuāng)需要的類庫及Python2.7.5
安裝必要的(de)開發包
yum groupinstall "Development tools"yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel read LINE -devel tk-devel
CentOS 自(zì)帶Python2.6.6,但我們可(kě)以再安裝Python2.7.5:
cd ~ wget http://python.org/ftp/python/2.7.5/Python-2.7.5.tar.bz2 tar xvf Python-2.7.5.tar.bz2 cd Python-2.7.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local make && make altinstall
安裝完畢後,可是使用”python2.7”命令進入python2.7的環境。
二(èr):安裝Python包管(guǎn)理(lǐ)
easy_install包(bāo) https://pypi.python.org/pypi/distribute
方便安裝Python的開發包
cd ~ wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.49.tar.gz tar xf distribute-0.6.49.tar.gz cd distribute-0.6.49 python2.7 setup.py install easy_install --version
紅色(sè)部分必須是“python2.7”,否則將安裝到(dào)默認的2.6環境內。
pip包(bāo) https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip
安裝(zhuāng)pip的好處是可以(yǐ)pip list、pip uninstall 管(guǎn)理Python包, easy_install沒(méi)有這(zhè)個功能(néng),隻有uninstall
easy_install pip pip --version
三(sān):安(ān)裝uwsgi
uwsgi:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uWSGI
uwsgi參數詳解(jiě):http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.html
pip install uwsgi uwsgi --version
測(cè)試uwsgi是否正常:
新建test.py文件,內(nèi)容如下(xià):
def application(env, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')]) return "Hello World"
然(rán)後在終(zhōng)端運行:
uwsgi --http :8001 --wsgi-file test.py
在瀏覽器(qì)內輸入:http://127.0.0.1:8001,看(kàn)是否有(yǒu)“Hello World”輸出,若沒有輸出(chū),請檢(jiǎn)查你的安裝過程。
四:安裝django
pip install django
測試django是否正常,運行(háng):
django-admin.py startproject demosite cd demosite python2.7 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8002
在(zài)瀏(liú)覽器內(nèi)輸入:http://127.0.0.1:8002,檢查django是否運(yùn)行正常。
五:安裝nginx
cd ~ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.6.tar.gz tar xf nginx-1.5.6.tar.gz cd nginx-1.5.6 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.5.6 \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module make && make install
六:配(pèi)置uwsgi
uwsgi支持ini、xml等(děng)多種(zhǒng)配置方式,但個人感(gǎn)覺ini更方便(biàn):
在/ect/目錄(lù)下新建uwsgi9090.ini,添加如下配置:
[uwsgi] socket = 127.0.0.1:9090 master = true //主進程(chéng) vhost = true //多站(zhàn)模式 no-stie = true //多站模式(shì)時不設置入口模塊和(hé)文件 workers = 2 //子(zǐ)進程數 reload-mercy = 10 vacuum = true //退出、重啟時清理文件 max-requests = 1000 limit-as = 512 buffer-sizi = 30000 pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi9090.pid //pid文件,用(yòng)於下麵的(de)腳本啟動、停(tíng)止該進程 daemonize = /website/uwsgi9090.log
設置uwsgi開機啟動,在(zài)/ect/init.d/目(mù)錄下(xià)新建uwsgi9090文(wén)件,內容(róng)如下:
#! /bin/sh # chkconfig: 2345 55 25 # Description: Startup script for uwsgi webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and # run 'update-rc.d -f uwsgi defaults', or use the appropriate command on your # distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add uwsgi' ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: uwsgi # Required-Start: $all # Required-Stop: $all # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: starts the uwsgi web server # Description: starts uwsgi using start-stop-daemon ### END INIT INFO # Author: licess # website: http://lnmp.org PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DESC="uwsgi daemon" NAME=uwsgi9090 DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/uwsgi CONFIGFILE=/etc/$NAME.ini PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME set -e [ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0 do_start() { $DAEMON $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "uwsgi already running" } do_stop() { $DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi not running" rm -f $PIDFILE echo "$DAEMON STOPED." } do_reload() { $DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -n "uwsgi can't reload" } do_status() { ps aux|grep $DAEMON } case "$1" in status) echo -en "Status $NAME: \n" do_status ;; start) echo -en "Starting $NAME: \n" do_start ;; stop) echo -en "Stopping $NAME: \n" do_stop ;; reload|graceful) echo -en "Reloading $NAME: \n" do_reload ;; *) echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload}" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac exit 0
然後在終端執(zhí)行:
-- 添(tiān)加服務 chkconfig --add uwsgi9090 -- 設置開機啟動 chkconfig uwsgi9090 on
七:設置nginx
找(zhǎo)到(dào)nginx的安裝目錄,打開conf/nginx.conf文件,修改server配置
server { listen 80; server_name localhost; locations / { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9090; //必須和uwsgi中的設置一致 uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT demosite.wsgi; //入口文件,即wsgi.py相對於項(xiàng)目(mù)根(gēn)目錄的位置,“.”相當於一層目錄 uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /demosite; //項目根目錄 index index.html index.htm; client_max_body_size 35m; } }
設(shè)置nginx開(kāi)機(jī)啟動,在/ect/init.d/目錄下新建nginx文(wén)件,內(nèi)容如下:
#!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/opt/nginx-1.5.6/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx)NGINX_CONF_FILE="/opt/nginx-1.5.6/conf/nginx.conf" [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|f
關鍵詞:CentOS,nginx,uwsgi,Python
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